Apparatus for manufacturing gas.



PATENTED MAR. 24, 1908.

' H. M. PIBRSON.

APPARATUS FOR MANUFACTURING GAS;

APPLICATION FILED APR.22. 1907.

PATENT OFFICE.

HENRY M. PIERSON,

on NEW YOR N. Y.

APPARATUS FOR MANUFACTURING GAS.

No. 882,907. Specification of Application filed April 22,

Letters Patent. v Patented March 24, 1908. 1907. smart. 369,466.

To all whom may concern:

Be it known that I, HENRY M. PIERSON, a

citizen of the United States, residing at the borough of Brooklyn, in the county of Kings, clty and State of New York, have invented an Improvement in ApparatusforManufacr turingGas, of which the following is a specification. a

My invention relates to a new; and novel form of apparatus for the manufacture of gas in which according to the process employed, a fuel or producer gas, a non-luminous water "as and a luminous or illuminating gas may be manufactured the parts which are necessarily connected therewith for the full performance of the methods of manufacturing being old in the art and not necessarily requirin illustration herein.

In t e apparatus employed b meI provide a retort vertically dispose and which constitutes a substantial prolongation of a generator, the same bein suitably construct ed and supported, and Tprovide means for supplying to this retort progressive or continuous charges of bituminous coal which are periodically converted into coke to be added as fuel to the body of fuel in the generator.

The generator, per se, is of usual construction the retort rising therefrom and the lower end of the retort extending into the generator, and the retort being a substantial communicating prolongation or stack of the generator. One or more throats pass off from the upper end of the retort witlibranches and suitable valves and carry awaythe gas produced, all of which is hereinafter more particularly described. I

In the drawing, Figure 1 is a vertical section representing the apparatus of my improvement and Fig. 2 is an elevatlon in smaller size showing two of these devices coupled together.

The generator which rests upon a suitable foundation is formed as usual with a metal shell a and a lining a of refractory material whlch is provided with suitable grate-bars b of any desired or well-known character inthls art. A pipe 6 extending through the generator beneath the grate-bars brings into the generator a supply of air under pressure and a p1pe c conveys into the generator steam. At the upper end of the generator I prefer to form stoke-holes d d with suitable caps which may be made use of if desired for the introduction of bars in mixing up or d1 s turbing the fuel forming the fire.

I provide support beams g and eye-beams I f resting thereon and at right angles thereto, both ofwhich arelocated at the upper part of the generator, and a flan e in the upper shell of the generator refera ly passes over the eye-beams f whic assist in su porting the upper part of the generator she I.

The tubular tapering shells e e are super imposed; the lower shell e resting upon a support ring 5 above the eye-beams f and a support ring 6 coming between the shells e 6 These parts are suitably bolted together and thus firmly secured. At the upper end of the shell e is-a support rin 7 and restin thereon is a drum 11 to whic is connecte the lower end of a hopper i, the upper end of the ho per '11 being b preference secured to a suitab e beam 8. Vi ithin this drum '5 there is a revoluble feeder consisting of a shaft and blades k which are suitably driven.

Within the shells e e are retort chambers h h 7b of taperingform made of refractory material and having flanges 2 3 and 4. These retort chambers are super-imposed on one another and their flanges rest uponand are supported by the rings 5 6 and ,7. These retort chambers may be and preferably are cemented together at their joints and the lower and larger open end of the retort chamber h projects approximately half way into the generator. I prefer to use asbestos as a lining between the shells and retort chambers.

The retort chambers receive bituminous coal fed to them from the hopper i by the revoluble feeder 7c and'said bituminous coal is adapted to extend below the lower end of the retortchamber h and to rest upon the fuel in the generator and. as the same is converted into fuel coke by extracting the chemical substances therefrom, the said bitumino us coal falls periodically or progressively upon the bed of fuel in the generator for rep enishing the same.

l provide a throat m extending off from one side of the retort near, the upper end and an air pipe m entering the same. I also provide extending oil? from the opposite side of the retort at the upper end a t roat n with a branch 71 and a valve n and I provide pipes latter condition is 0 passing through the shell of the retort and through the retort chambers for conveying within the retort liquid hydro-carbon.

As shown in Fig. 2 of the drawing, I have illustrated two of these devices coupled together and from which the throats m extend off in the opposite direction, inwhich the pipes n are coupled together and the branches n may be coupled together. This duplication of the apparatus is for the eco nomical and alternate operation-of the same in a continuous method of producing gas.

I have not shown in the drawing but it is common in this art to employ a washer and scrubber and also a gasometer or holder, and I prefer to extend the coupled pipes n to these devices. It is also common in this art to provide a carburetor and to one or more of these devices I connect or extend the throats m; said carburetors being provided with smoke-stacks and Valves and pipes which extend out to a gasomet'er. The essential features of my invention are however shown in the drawing.

in the devices of my invention as hereinbefore described, it 'is quite apparent that there is no portion open to external air, and no portion that need be opened to xternal air except in rare instances, consequently the closed apparatus is particularly advantageous for the manufacture of gas, especially in maintaining the heat and not cooling down while charging the apparatus with coal and removing the ashes, and even this measurably assisted by the employment or" an advantageous form of grate-bar which however is no necessary part of my invention.

in the operation or the device of my improvement, the generator is filled with fuel and the retort with bituminous coal fed from the hopper i; the generator is fired and blown up to incai lescence and producer gas is made as is usua in this art. The producer gas passes up through the bituminous coal in the superimposed retorts, the coal in which,- with the in the generatorform a continuous body of fuel material. The producer gas tends to distil the coal and form fuel coke. /Vhen producer gas alone is made, it passes oil' by the pipes n and n upon the lift ing of the valve After making producer gas the air is shut oil and steam is admitted into the incandescent fuel and is converted into its constituents,forming water gas. This water gas is enriched by passing through the bituminous coal and coke and by taking up the vapors of hydro-carbon introduced by the pipes 0 The water gas then passes by the straight line pipe over the val e 11"", the same being shut, and passes throu l'i water seal to a holder. The produo is may carried by the pipe 'm and be bullied air admitted by the pipel m so as to heat up a checker-brick fixing chamber through which water gas alternately made with the producer gas may be passed if desired; Fig. 2 showing the apparatus generally adapted for carrying out the alternate process.

I claim as my invention:

1. In an apparatus for the production of gas, the combination with a generator and means for introducing air :and steam alternately into the same, of a downwardly flaring retort vertically disposed and connected with and forming a substantial prolongation or extension of the generator, and in which the bodies of fuel are continuous, means for feeding bituminous coal to this retort and means at the upper end of the retort for conveying away both the blast and all other gases. 2. in an apparatus for the production of gas, the combination with a generator and means for introducing air and steam alter-- nately into the same, of a downwardly flaring retort vertically disposed and connected with and forming a substantial prolongation or extension of the generator and in which the bodies of fuel are continuous, means for feeding bituminous coal to this retort, means for conveying away the blast and all other gases from the upper end of the retort and means for introducing air into the means for conveying away the gases.

3. in an apparatus for the production of gas, the combination with a generator and means for introducing air and steam alternately into the same, of a downwardly flaring retort vertically disposed and connected with and forming a substantial prolongation or extension of the generator, and in which the bodies of fuel are continuous, means for feeding bituminous coal to this retort, means for conveying away the blast and all other gases from the upper end of the retort, means for introducing air into the means for conveying away the ases and means for introducing liquid hydro-carbon into the retort.

4. in an apparatus for manufacturing gas, the combination with a generator and means for introducing air and steam alternately into the generator, of a vertically and centrally disposed retort forming a prolongation or extension of the said generator and opening into the same, said retort being continuously tapering, largest at the lower end within the generator and smallest at the upper end, a hopper for receiving and a feeder for discharging bituminous coal into the retort and means for conveying away from the u per end of said retort both the blast and al other gases produced.

5. in an apparatus for making gas, the combination with a generator of suitable character and. pipes for introducingair and steam alternately into the lower portion of largest lower endof said retort opening into the generator, a shell surroundin saidretort sections, supports from said s ell to the flanges of said sections and suitable means beneath for so porting the shells and the retort so that t e Weight thereof is carried independently of the enerator.

' 6. In an a paratus For the production of gas, the com ination with a enerator and means for introducing air an steam alternately into the same beneath the grate bars,

ing a substantial prolongation thereof, the 1 of a retort vertically disposed, connected with and upon the generator, forming a rising prolongation or extension of the generator andof taperin form throughout, with its larger lower en within and forming a substantial unitary chamber with the generator, means at the higher and smaller end of the retort for feeding bituminous coal to.

the retort and other means similarly located for conveying away both theblast and all other gases.

Signed by me this 5th day of A ril 1907;

' H. M. PIE SON. Witnesses:

GEO. T. 'PINGKNEY, E. ZAoHAR AsEN. 

